Basic knowledge of bearings


Basic knowledge of bearings

Bearing is an indispensable part of mechanical equipment, which is mainly used to support the rotating body, reduce friction and ensure the efficient operation of machinery. Understanding the basic concepts, types and applications of bearings is very important for people engaged in mechanical design, maintenance and operation.

basic concept

Bearings are components that support relative rotating shafts, and usually consist of inner rings, outer rings, rolling bodies and cages. The inner ring is closely matched with the shaft and rotates with it, while the outer ring is in transition fit with the bearing seat, which mainly plays a supporting role. Rolling bodies roll between the inner and outer rings to reduce friction and maintain the stability of movement. The working principle of bearing is to replace sliding friction by rolling friction, thus reducing friction loss and improving mechanical efficiency.

Type of bearing

There are many kinds of bearings, which can be mainly divided into the following categories: Ball bearing: the ball is used as a rolling body, which is suitable for bearing radial load and certain axial load, and is widely used in motor, automobile and other fields. Roller bearing: The roller is used as the rolling body, which has strong bearing capacity and is suitable for bearing large radial load. It is often used in heavy machinery and industrial equipment. Sliding bearing: it supports the shaft through sliding friction, which is suitable for low-speed and high-load occasions and is commonly used in large machinery and power generation equipment. Thrust bearing: it is specially used to bear axial load, and is often used in automobile transmissions and other equipment that needs to bear axial force. Self-aligning bearing: it has self-aligning function, can adapt to the eccentricity and deformation of the shaft, and is suitable for occasions with complex working environment.

Application of bearing

Bearings are widely used in various industries, mainly including: Automobile industry: used for wheels, engines, transmissions and other parts to ensure the smooth operation of vehicles. Aerospace: used in key components such as aircraft engine and landing gear, which requires high precision and reliability. Industrial equipment: in all kinds of mechanical equipment, such as motors, pumps, compressors, etc., it plays a role in supporting and reducing friction. Household appliances: such as washing machines, refrigerators, etc., use bearings to improve operating efficiency and prolong service life. Medical instruments: In some precision equipment, the application of bearings ensures the stability and accuracy of the equipment. By understanding the basic concepts, types and applications of bearings, we can better select and maintain bearings, ensure the efficient operation of mechanical equipment and prolong the service life. The classification of bearings can also be divided in more detail according to their structure and function: Deep groove ball bearing: this is the most common type of rolling bearing, which can bear large radial load and certain axial load and is suitable for high-speed operation. Cylindrical roller bearing: the rolling body of this bearing is cylindrical, which is suitable for bearing large radial load and has small friction coefficient, and is suitable for high-speed running equipment. Tapered roller bearing: It can bear both radial load and unidirectional axial load, and is widely used in automobiles and heavy machinery. Self-aligning roller bearing: This kind of bearing has self-aligning function, can adapt to the eccentricity and deformation of the shaft, and is suitable for occasions bearing heavy loads. Ceramic bearing: made of ceramic materials, it has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and low friction, and is suitable for applications in special environments, such as aerospace and high-end mechanical equipment. In addition, the maintenance of bearings is also very important. Regular inspection of lubrication status and cleaning of bearings and their surrounding environment can effectively extend the service life of bearings. The selection and filling amount of lubricating grease should also be adjusted according to the specific application to ensure the best working performance.

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